RESEÑA CRÍTICA DEL EMPRESARIO EN EL PENSAMIENTO ECONÓMICO NEOCLÁSICO, KEYNESIANO Y CONTEMPORÁNEO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/hitos.a0n49.461Keywords:
Empresario. Empresa. Actividad empresarial. Historia económica. Teoría económica.Abstract
RESUMEN Objetivo: Abordar los antecedentes del estudio del empresario en la economía neoclásica, keynesiana y contemporánea. En una etapa histórica que nace con la Revolución Industrial, se define al empresario como el propietario del capital; no obstante con la evolución del sistema capitalista esta definición resulta insuficiente. Material y metodos: Los métodos que se utilizaron fueron el método histórico-crítico, y el método comparativo. El método histórico-crítico, da mayor peso al origen histórico y a las condiciones de surgimiento para establecer la configuración definitiva y las prácticas económicas en la economía neoclásica, keynesiana y contemporánea. Así mismo; el método comparativo nos permite realizar una taxonomía del empresario. Se realiza una investigación bibliográfica de 12 teóricos representantes de estas tres corrientes. Resultados: El concepto de empresario aparece íntimamente unido al concepto de empresa concebida como realidad socioeconómica. El empresario personaliza la actuación de la empresa siendo la figura representativa que persigue objetivos coherentes con los fines a conseguir por la empresa en un intervalo temporal. Conclusiones: Las aportaciones, más que brindar una teoría satisfactoria del empresario, se complementan mutuamente para configurar valores, atributos, comportamientos y habilidades que los empresarios requieren para ser catalogados como tales. Al revisar los aportes, principales ideas y planteamientos de los autores que escribieron sobre los empresarios se encontró que se interesaron por definir: a) quién es un empresario; b) qué hace, es decir cuál es su función. A fines del siglo XIX y con el crecimiento en dimensión de las grandes empresas, comienza en la economía una preocupación por la actividad empresarial como función distinta de la propiedad de la empresa. ABSTRACT Objetivo: Review the background to study the entrepreneur in the neoclassical, Keynesian, and Contemporary economics. In a historic stage that was born with the Industrial Revolution, the entrepreneur is defined as the owner of the capital; however, with the evolution of the capitalist system this definition is insufficient. Material and method:The historical-criticism and the comparative method were used. The first one focuses its attention to the historical origins and the conditions of the appearance to establish the definite configuration and the economical practices in the neoclassical, Keynesian and contemporary economics. On the other hand, the comparative method allows us to make the taxonomy of the entrepreneur. A bibliographic research of 12 theoreticians of these three thoughts was performed. Results: The concept of entrepreneur appears intimately linked to the concept of enterprise conceived as a socioeconomic reality. The entrepreneur personalizes the performance of the company being the representative character that pursues the coherent goals of the company in a temporary interval. Conclusions: The contributions, more than providing a satisfactory theory of the entrepreneur, are mutually complemented to configure values, attributes, behaviors and abilities that the entrepreneurs require to be catalogued as they are. After reviewing the contributions, main ideas, and approaches of the authors who wrote about the entrepreneurs, it was found that they were interested to define a)who an entrepreneur is; b) what an entrepreneur does, this is, what his/her function is. At the end of the XIX century and with the growth in dimension of the great enterprises, it starts in the economics a preoccupation for the entrepreneurial activity as a different function of the company property.Downloads
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